Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Publication Date
12-12-2008
Publication Title
Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry
Abstract
A well studied geometric problem, with applications ranging from molecular structure determination to sensor networks, asks for the reconstruction of a set P of n unknown points from a finite set of pairwise distances (up to Euclidean isometries). We are concerned here with a related problem: which sets of distances are minimal with the property that they allow for the reconstruction of P, up to a finite set of possibilities? In the planar case, the answer is known generically via the landmark Maxwell-Laman Theorem from Rigidity Theory, and it leads to a combinatorial answer: the underlying structure of such a generic minimal collection of distances is a minimally rigid (or Laman) graph, for which very efficient combinatorial decision algorithms exist. For non-generic cases the situation appears to be dramatically different, with the best known algorithms relying on exponential-time Gröbner base methods, and some specific instances known to be NP-hard. Understanding what makes a point set generic emerges as an intriguing geometric question with practical algorithmic consequences. Several definitions (some but not all equivalent) of genericity appear in the rigidity literature, and they have either a measure theoretic, topologic or algebraic-geometric flavor. Some generic point sets appear to be highly degenerate, and still turn out to be generic. All existing proofs of Laman's Theorem make use at some point of one or another of these geometric genericity assumptions. The main result of this paper is the first purely combinatorial proof of Laman's theorem, together with some interesting consequences. Genericity is characterized in terms of a certain determinant being not identically-zero as a formal polynomial. We relate its monomial expansion to certain colorings and orientations of the graph and show that these terms cannot all cancel exactly when the underlying graph is Laman. As a surprising consequence, genericity emerges as a purely combinatorial concept. Copyright 2008 ACM.
Keywords
Computational geometry, Rigidity, Sparse graphs
First Page
365
Last Page
374
DOI
10.1145/1377676.1377738
Rights
© 2008 ACM
Recommended Citation
Streinu, Ileana and Theran, Louis, "Combinatorial Genericity and Minimal Rigidity" (2008). Computer Science: Faculty Publications, Smith College, Northampton, MA.
https://scholarworks.smith.edu/csc_facpubs/236
Comments
Archived as published.