Author ORCID Identifier

Sarah Witkowski: 0009-0009-7543-9249

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2022

Publication Title

Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism

Abstract

Lipoprotein particles may provide better information about cardiovascular risk than standard cholesterol measures for women. Whether lipoprotein subclasses change with menopausal stage is unclear. Given the high prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness in midlife women and benefit of cardiovascular disease risk, it is also important to understand the effect of fitness on lipoprotein profiles. This study evaluated the influence of menopausal status and fitness on lipoprotein particles in healthy midlife women. Lipoprotein particles were measured in high-(n = 25) and low-(n = 13) fit perimenopausal and late postmenopausal women, and in high-fit premenopausal (n = 10), perimenopausal (n = 12), and late postmenopausal women (n = 13). There were larger low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P; 21.7 6 0.06 vs. 21.3 6 0.1 nm, p = 0.002), more large LDL-P (623.1 6 32.8 vs. 500.2 6 52.6 nmol/L, p = 0.045), and fewer small LDL-P (145.5 6 31.4 vs. 311.5 6 44.7 nmol/L, p = 0.001) in the high-fit group vs. the low-fit group. High-density lipoprotein particles (HDL-P) were larger (10.1 6 0.1 vs. 9.7 6 0.1 nm, p = 0.002) in the high-fit group, with more large (14.8 6 0.7 vs. 11.0 6 0.9 lmol/L, p = 0.002), medium (12.9 6 0.8 vs. 8.4 6 0.9 lmol/L, p = 0.002) HDL-P, and fewer small HDL-P (10.2 6 1.1 vs. 15.4 6 1.6 lmol/L, p = 0.009) compared with the low-fit group. High-fit postmenopausal women had more large LDL-P (662.9 6 47.5 nmol/L) compared with premenopausal women (479.1 6 52.6 nmol/L, p = 0.035), and more HDL-P (40.2 6 1.1 lmol/L) compared with premenopausal (34.9 6 1.5 lmol/L, p = 0.023) and perimenopausal women (35.4 6 1.3 lmol/L, p = 0.033). High fitness positively influences lipoprotein particles in healthy perimenopausal and late postmenopausal women. In healthy fit women, menopause may not have a large influence on lipoprotein particles.

Keywords

aerobic fitness, exercise, lipids, menopause, physical activity, women

Volume

47

Issue

4

First Page

447

Last Page

457

DOI

10.1139/apnm-2021-0081

ISSN

17155312

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Rights

Licensed to Smith College and distributed CC-BY 4.0 under the Smith College Faculty Open Access Policy.

Comments

Peer reviewed accepted manuscript.

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