Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-30-2021
Publication Title
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abstract
Summer warming is driving a greening trend across the Arctic, with the potential for large-scale amplification of climate change due to vegetation-related feedbacks [Pearson et al., Nat. Clim. Chang. (3), 673–677 (2013)]. Because observational records are sparse and temporally limited, past episodes of Arctic warming can help elucidate the magnitude of vegetation response to temperature change. The Last Interglacial ([LIG], 129,000 to 116,000 y ago) was the most recent episode of Arctic warming on par with predicted 21st century temperature change [Otto-Bliesner et al., Philos. Trans. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. (371), 20130097 (2013) and Post et al., Sci. Adv. (5), eaaw9883 (2019)]. However, high-latitude terrestrial records from this period are rare, so LIG vegetation distributions are incompletely known. Pollen-based vegetation reconstructions can be biased by long-distance pollen transport, further obscuring the paleoenvironmental record. Here, we present a LIG vegetation record based on ancient DNA in lake sediment and compare it with fossil pollen. Comprehensive plant community reconstructions through the last and current interglacial (the Holocene) on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada, reveal coherent climate-driven community shifts across both interglacials. Peak LIG warmth featured a ∼400-km northward range shift of dwarf birch, a key woody shrub that is again expanding northward. Greening of the High Arctic—documented here by multiple proxies—likely represented a strong positive feedback on high-latitude LIG warming. Authenticated ancient DNA from this lake sediment also extends the useful preservation window for the technique and highlights the utility of combining traditional and molecular approaches for gleaning paleoenvironmental insights to better anticipate a warmer future.
Keywords
Arctic greening, Last Interglacial, Paleoecology, Sedimentary ancient DNA
Volume
118
Issue
13
DOI
10.1073/pnas.2019069118
ISSN
00278424
Recommended Citation
Crump, Sarah E.; Fréchette, Bianca; Power, Matthew; Cutler, Sam; de Wet, Gregory; Raynolds, Martha K.; Raberg, Jonathan H.; Briner, Jason P.; Thomas, Elizabeth K.; Sepúlveda, Julio; Shapiro, Beth; Bunce, Michael; and Miller, Gifford H., "Ancient Plant DNA Reveals High Arctic Greening During the Last Interglacial" (2021). Geosciences: Faculty Publications, Smith College, Northampton, MA.
https://scholarworks.smith.edu/geo_facpubs/145
Comments
Archived as published.