Author ORCID Identifier

Samuel Christensen: 0000-0002-3751-4895

Yitong Huang: 0000-0002-5200-8077

Olivia J. Walch: 0000-0002-7881-6910

Daniel B. Forger: 0000-0001-7581-4031

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-28-2020

Publication Title

Plos Computational Biology

Abstract

Which suggestions for behavioral modifications, based on mathematical models, are most likely to be followed in the real world? We address this question in the context of human circadian rhythms. Jet lag is a consequence of the misalignment of the body’s internal circadian (~24-hour) clock during an adjustment to a new schedule. Light is the clock’s primary synchronizer. Previous research has used mathematical models to compute light schedules that shift the circadian clock to a new time zone as quickly as possible. How users adjust their behavior when provided with these optimal schedules remains an open question. Here, we report data collected by wearables from more than 100 travelers as they cross time zones using a smartphone app, Entrain. We find that people rarely follow the optimal schedules generated through mathematical modeling entirely, but travelers who better followed the optimal schedules reported more positive moods after their trips. Using the data collected, we improve the optimal schedule predictions to accommodate real-world constraints. We also develop a scheduling algorithm that allows for the computation of approximately optimal schedules "on-the-fly" in response to disruptions. User burnout may not be critically important as long as the first parts of a schedule are followed. These results represent a crucial improvement in making the theoretical results of past work viable for practical use and show how theoretical predictions based on known human physiology can be efficiently used in real-world settings.

Volume

16

Issue

12 December

DOI

10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008445

ISSN

1553734X

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Rights

© 2020 Christensen et al.

Comments

Archived as published.

Included in

Mathematics Commons

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