Author ORCID Identifier

Preston P. Thakral: 0000-0001-6603-6186

Sarah E. Kalinowski: 0000-0003-3543-248X

Daniel L. Schacter: 0000-0002-2460-6061

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-9-2020

Publication Title

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Abstract

Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies indicate that a core network of brain regions, including the hippocampus, is jointly recruited during episodic memory, episodic simulation, and divergent creative thinking. Because fMRI data are correlational, it is unknown whether activity increases in the hippocampus, and the core network more broadly, play a causal role in episodic simulation and divergent thinking. Here we employed fMRI-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to assess whether temporary disruption of hippocampal brain networks impairs both episodic simulation and divergent thinking. For each of two TMS sessions, continuous θ-burst stimulation (cTBS) was applied to either a control site (vertex) or to a left angular gyrus target region. The target region was identified on the basis of a participant-specific resting-state functional connectivity analysis with a hippocampal seed region previously associated with memory, simulation, and divergent thinking. Following cTBS, participants underwent fMRI and performed a simulation, divergent thinking, and nonepisodic control task. cTBS to the target region reduced the number of episodic details produced for the simulation task and reduced idea production on divergent thinking. Performance in the control task did not statistically differ as a function of cTBS site. fMRI analyses revealed a selective and simultaneous reduction in hippocampal activity during episodic simulation and divergent thinking following cTBS to the angular gyrus versus vertex but not during the nonepisodic control task. Our findings provide evidence that hippocampal-targeted TMS can specifically modulate episodic simulation and divergent thinking, and suggest that the hippocampus is critical for these cognitive functions.

Keywords

Creativity, Episodic memory, FMRI, Imagination, TMS |

Volume

117

Issue

23

First Page

12729

Last Page

12740

DOI

10.1073/pnas.2003535117

ISSN

00278424

Comments

Archived as published.

Included in

Psychology Commons

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