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Publication Date

2025-5

First Advisor

R. Jordan Crouser

Document Type

Honors Project

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts

Department

Computer Science

Keywords

machine learning, image processing, marine images, domain adaptability

Abstract

The deep sea is one of the least explored environments on the planet. However, with technology advancing, scientists are finally able to explore these untouched areas with instrumentation such as Remote Autonomous Vehicles (ROVs) and Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs). Large volumes of data are now being collected in short amounts of time, leading to a backlog of data in need of processing. Employing the human eye to analyze such massive quantities of video data is no longer feasible; we need an efficient alternative. Computer vision, a subfield of machine learning, is one solution to processing visual data. However, marine underwater imagery presents many challenges to machine learning, including class imbalances in datasets, variation in illumination and image quality, and an overall lack of sufficient training data. One resource that is quickly gaining momentum is Fathom- Net, an open source, underwater image database meant for enabling machine learning in the ocean. However, even the pre-trained models available on FathomNet experience difficulty in detecting marine objects from different domains. This study investigates novel methods for increasing the domain adaptability of the megalodon FathomNet object detector through fine-tuning processes and image enhancement algorithms. The fine-tuned megalodon model showed increased performance compared to the original megalodon model and revealed specific challenges in detecting objects in blurry underwater images. This suggests that underwater image enhancement algorithms may be employed to reduce distortion in images and improve model performance within different domains.

Rights

©2025 Kira Kaplan. Access limited to the Smith College community and other researchers while on campus. Smith College community members also may access from off-campus using a Smith College log-in. Other off-campus researchers may request a copy through Interlibrary Loan for personal use.

Language

English

Comments

[6], 55, [13] pages: color illustrations, charts. Includes bibliographical references (pages [68-74]).

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