Author ORCID Identifier

Q. Daniel Wang: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Carlos Garcia Diaz: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Patrick S. Kamieneski: 0000-0001-9394-6732

Kevin C. Harrington: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Min S. Yun: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Nicholas Foo: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Brenda L. Frye: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Eric F. Jimenez-Andrade: 0000-0003-1625-8009

Daizhong Liu: 0000-0001-9773-7479

James D. Lowenthal: 0000-0001-9969-3115

Belén Alcalde Pampliega: 0000-0002-4140-0428

Massimo Pascale: 0000-0002-2282-8795

Amit Vishwas: 0000-0002-4444-8929

Mark A. Gurwell: 0000-0003-0685-3621

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-1-2024

Publication Title

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Abstract

Hyperluminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs)ãre the most extreme star-forming systems observed in the early Universe,ãnd their properties still elude comprehensive understanding. We have undertakenã large XMM -Newton observing programme to probe the totalãccreting black hole population in three HyLIRGsãt z = 2.12, 3.25,ãnd 3.55, gravitationally lensed by foreground galaxies. Selected from the Planck All-Sky Survey to Analyse Gravitationally lensed Extreme Starbursts (PASSAGES), these HyLIRGs haveãpparent infrared luminosities > 10 14 L⊙. Our observãtions re vealed X-ray emission in each of them. PJ1336 + 49ãppears to be dominated by high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). Remarkably, the luminosity of this non-AGN X-ray emission exceeds byã factor ofãbout 3 the value obtained by calibration with local galaxies with much lower star formation rates. This enhanced X-ray emission most likely highlights the efficacy of dynamical HMXB production within compact clusters, which isãn important mode of star formation in HyLIRGs. The remaining two (PJ0116 -24ãnd PJ1053 + 60) morphologicallyãnd spectrally exhibitã compact X-ray component inãddition to the extended non-AGN X-ray emission, indicating the presence of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). The AGNãppears to be centrally located in the reconstructed source plane images of PJ0116 -24, which manifests its star-formingãctivity predominantly withinãn extended galactic disc. In contrast, the AGN in the field of PJ1053 + 60 is projected 60 kpcãway from the extreme star-forming galaxyãnd could be ejected from it. These results underline the synergistic potential of deep X-ray observations with strong lensing for the study of high-energyãstrophysical phenomena in HyLIRGs.

Keywords

galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: nuclei, galaxies: starburst, gravitational lensing: strong, X- rays: galaxies, X-rays: binaries

Volume

527

Issue

4

First Page

10584

Last Page

10603

DOI

10.1093/mnras/stad3827

ISSN

00358711

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Rights

© 2023 The Author(s).

Comments

Archived as published.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.